Human Injury and Performance Consulting

Christina Garman

My expertise is in occupant kinematics and injury biomechanics, with specialization in the biomechanics of human movement. I have evaluated and investigated rider kinematics and injury potential during micro-mobility and motorcycle operations and have performed biomechanical accident reconstruction in motor vehicle, workplace and recreational accidents . My fields of experience include kinematic and kinetic analysis of human performance, slips and trips, pathological gait analysis, electromyography, lower limb musculoskeletal modeling, and experimental design.

I have an bachelors degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Rochester and a PhD in Biomechanics from Virginia Tech. I was a National Science Foundation graduate research fellow in the department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. After receiving my Ph.D., I was awarded a NIDILRR Advanced Rehabilitation Research Training fellowship where I studied the biomechanics of pathological gait in adults and children with orthopaedic disorders including cerebral palsy, osteogenesis imperfecta, and osteosarcoma. I have instructed a Musculoskeletal Biomechanics course at Virginia Tech and a Biomedical Instrumentation laboratory at Marquette University.

Publications

• Como, S., Paradiso, M., Campbell, I., Garman, C. et al., Crash Test Methodology for Electric Scooters

  with Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) Riders, Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical Paper

  2022-01-0853, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0853.

• Garman C, Como SG, Campbell IC, Wishart J, O’Brien K, McLean S (2020). Micro-mobility vehicle

  dynamics and rider kinematics during electric scooter riding. Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical

  Paper 2020-01-0935.

• Watson HN, Garman C, Wishart J, Zimmermann J (2020). Patient demographics and injury

  characteristics of ER visits related to powered-scooters. Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical

  Paper 2020-01-0933.

• Toney-Bolger M, Sherman S, Isaacs J, Garman C, Dibb A (2020). An evaluation of near-and far-side

  occupant responses to low-to moderate-speed side impacts. Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical

  Paper 2020-01-1218.

• Frank TA, Fowler G, Garman C, Sharpe S (2020). Motorcycle rider inputs during typical maneuvers.

  Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical Paper 2020-01-1000.

• Scanlon JM, Isaacs J, Garman C (2019). Head and neck loading conditions over a decade of IIHS rear

  impact seat testing. Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical Paper 2019-01-1227.

• Garman CM, Sharpe SS, Frank TA, Fowler GF (2018). Motorcycle rider kinematics during low and highspeed

  turning maneuvers. Society of Automotive Engineers, Technical Paper 2018-01-0536.

• Kruger KM, Garman C, Krzak JJ, Graf A, Hassani S, Tarima S, Sturm PF, Hammerberg KW, Gupta P,

  Harris GF (2018). Effects of spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis on lower body kinematics during gait.

  Spine Deform, 6(4):441-447.

• Garman C, Graf A, Krzak J, Caudill A, Smith P, Harris G (2019). Gait deviations in children with

  Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type I. J Pediatr Orthop, 39(8):e641-e646.

• Arena SL, Garman C, Nussbaum MA, Madigan ML (2017). Required friction during overground walking

  is lower among obese compared to non-obese older men, but does not differ with obesity among

  women. Appl Ergon, 62:77-82.

• Garman C, Nussbaum MA, Franck CT, Madigan ML (2016). A pilot study exploring obesity-related

  differences in fall rate and kinematic response resulting from a laboratory-induced trip. IISE

  Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 4(4):211-221.

• Garman C, Franck CT, Nussbaum MA, Madigan ML (2015). A bootstrapping method to assess the

  influence of age, obesity, gender, and gait speed on probability of tripping as a function of obstacle

  height. J Biomech, 48(6):1229-1232.

• Jang NW, Zakrzewski A, Rossi C, Dalecki D, Gracewski S (2011). Natural frequencies of two bubbles in a

  compliant tube: analytical, simulation, and experimental results. J Acoust Soc Am, 130(5):3347-56.

Honors & Awards

• Force & Motion Foundation/ORS Young Scientist Travel Grant

• NIDILRR Advanced Rehabilitation Research Training Fellow

• National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow